For years the dental profession has been struggling with providing effective long-term preventive and direct restorative solutions for our patients with resin-bonding of composite restorations. Why are there so many bonding agent generations? Why is the average life span of composite so low? The evidence is mounting that we may have taken a “wrong turn” along this road and a new direction is needed. The scientific research is now moving toward the use of bio-interactive materials that can create biomineralization. There is a real need for the dental care provider to understand how to use the current materials, and why they are important in our patient care and to be prepared for future developments.